Iowa's crops are pushing through a sweltering and soggy July with remarkably strong condition ratings. USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service reports that for the week ending July 27, 89% of corn and 82% of soybeans were in good to excellent condition. This performance puts Iowa's 2025 crop season ahead of schedule, even with the challenges of excess moisture and elevated temperatures.

According to Iowa Secretary of Agriculture Mike Naig, July could rank among the top ten wettest on record. During the reporting period, average precipitation hit 1.58 inches, nearly 0.61 inches above normal, with some areas receiving up to 7.2 inches. Southeast Iowa alone saw between 3 to 5 inches. Meanwhile, a heat dome over the Midwest pushed average temperatures to 77.5°F, more than 4 degrees above normal, with daily highs ranging 2 to 6 degrees above the 30-year average.

Soil Moisture Surplus Increases

These conditions have significantly raised soil moisture levels. Topsoil moisture surplus increased from 21% to 30%, and subsoil moisture jumped to 24%, up from 17% the previous week. While this surplus has slowed field operations, it has not dampened overall crop progress.

Corn Condition at 7-Year High

Corn is now 84% silking, with 34% in the dough stage. The crop's condition rating is at a seven-year high, reflecting the benefits of early pollination and consistent moisture in key regions.

In Monroe County, farmer Tim Kaldenberg, who grows corn, soybeans, and raises cattle, reported ideal growing conditions. "We even hate to say this out loud, but it has been very nice growing conditions," said Kaldenberg. He noted his corn is fully pollinated and soybeans are flowering well. His main concern has been drying hay due to persistent humidity.

Award-Winning Stewardship

The Kaldenberg family, recognized with the Wergin Good Farm Neighbor Award in early July, exemplifies Iowa's focus on soil health, water quality, and community engagement. Their success mirrors broader trends across Iowa's agricultural landscape.

Soybean Progress and Hay Harvest

Soybeans are advancing swiftly, with 81% blooming and 52% setting pods - five days ahead of last year and two days ahead of the five-year average. Oats are also performing well, with 83% rated good to excellent, and about half the acres harvested, primarily in southern regions.

Hay and Pasture Outlook

Hay crops remain strong, with 86% rated good to excellent. Alfalfa hay has seen 87% of second cuttings completed and 28% of third cuttings already underway. Pasture conditions also remain favorable at 82% good to excellent, though livestock stress has been reported due to the high humidity and heat.

Despite the weather volatility, Iowa's crops are flourishing, bolstered by good soil moisture and timely development. With August approaching, farmers remain cautiously optimistic.